Rutherford Model
Rutherford model is an important topic that comes up in science exams. Rutherford conducted an experiment in which he used a thin sheet of gold foil with -particles and then analysed the particle’s track after colliding with the gold foil. Rutherford’s model utilised a thin sheet of gold to focus on high-energy -particle streams from a radioactive source in his experiment.
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To test the deflection caused by the particles, he draped a fluorescent zinc sulphide screen around the thin gold foil. Rutherford model observations challenged Thomson’s atomic hypothesis in several ways. The majority of an atom’s mass, as well as positively charged particles, were concentrated in a very small volume.
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He coined the term nucleus to describe this component of the atom. Because electrons are negatively charged and the nucleus is a highly concentrated mass of positively charged particles, the nucleus is held together by a strong electrostatic force of attraction. Electrons orbit the nucleus on predetermined courses called orbits, according to Rutherford. Accelerating charged particles, according to Maxwell, emit electromagnetic radiation, thus an electron revolving around the nucleus should do the same. The energy from the electron’s motion would be transmitted via this radiation, albeit at the cost of orbital shrinkage. In the nucleus, the electrons would eventually collapse.
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