Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a psychology theory that defines human needs through a pyramid. This pyramid follows a five-tier ranking model. Starting from the bottom to the top, these needs are named physiological, safety, belongingness & love, esteem, and self-actualization. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs states that to move up the pyramid, humans must address their needs starting from the bottom of it.
Abraham Maslow introduced Maslow’s hierarchy of needs in 1943. He mentioned this pyramid as the motivation theory for humans. He said that when the needs of humans are not addressed, they remain dissatisfied and unmotivated. It affects the behavior of humans. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs further divided this five-tier model into Basic needs, Psychological needs, and Self-fulfilment needs.
The basic need is the foundation of human motivation. It includes the first two-tier of the pyramid – physiological and safety. Physiological here refers to clean air, food, water, clothes, sleep, and health. Safety needs are personal, emotional, financial, and health safety. If these needs are not taken care of, then it will disrupt human behavior. Teachers must keep this in mind and couple it with educational psychology to get the best outcomes possible from the classroom.
Psychological need holds belongingness & love, and esteem. It states that if a human is devoid of love in relationships like family friends or social groups, he/she will feel neglected. If they run low on respect, it will show in their behavior. As per Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, humans have a natural tendency to love, to be loved, and respected.
The last Self-fulfilment need engages self-actualisation. Humans must have a goal and a direction to follow. An aimless human will be distracted, and will never be satisfied with life. A human with an aim will become motivated, and that will lead him/her to self-actualisation.
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