Normality Formula
The term normality is a term used in chemistry to define the molar concentration (Ci)divided by an equivalence factor feq. It is denoted by the letter N, and the normality formula is:
Normality N=Ci/feq
The unit symbol “N” is used for denoting “eq/L” (equivalent per liter) which is nothing but normality itself. Even though losing favor, medical reporting of serum concentrations in the measurement “meq/L” (= 0.001 N) still takes place.
There are three common areas where normality is used as a measure of reactive species in solution:
- In the case of acid-base chemistry, normality is used to express the concentration of hydronium ions (H3O+) or hydroxide ions (OH−) in solution. Here, the inverse of the equivalence factor will be an integer value. Each solute can produce one or more equivalents of reactive species when dissolved.
- When it comes to redox reactions, the equivalence factor describes the number of electrons a reducing or oxidizing agent can donate or accept. Here, the inverse of the equivalence factor can have a fractional (non-integer) value.
- In the case of precipitation reactions, the equivalence factor measures the number of ions that precipitate in a given reaction. Here, the equivalence factor is an integer value.
The normal concentration of an ionic solution is connected to its electrolytic conductivity through the equivalent conductivity.
Normality is a term commonly used in inorganic chemistry. Want to learn more about that? Teachmint has chemistry notes – and notes of every subject that is taught in schools and colleges all over the world for that matter – together in one place! Click here to access it right away!
Teachmint is a one-stop destination for educators all around the globe. With the help of our offerings like lms portal, teachers can provide an unmatched learning experience to their students. To know more about features like website builder, visit our website.
