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———— Test-I, English Language, , pirections (Q. 1-10); Read the following passage, carefully and answer the questions given below if, Certain, words are given in bold to help you locate them while, answering some of the questions,, , Quotas for women in government have swept the world, gs. a revolutionary tool to further female political inclusion., Worldwide, the introduction of quotas for women in, jegislatures and political parties over the past two decades, has doubled the average share of female parliamentarians..., However, quotas remain controversial. Indeed, we know very, jjttle about the net ability of electoral quotas to render the, individuals they represent and society overall better off., , Focusing on contemporary India, I explore how quotas, affect enforcement of gender-equalising economic reforms., In a nutshell, 1 find that gender quotas can create incentives, for enduring economic and social equality if they provide, women with resources to pursue enforcement of these rights, in ways that open space for all parties to benefit., , My specific focus is the right of women to inherit property., Land inheritance provides the firmest guarantee of economic, stability in much of the world. Where women have land rights,, evidence shows they exert greater authority in the household,, are less likely to experience domestic violence, have healthier, children, and farm agricultural land more effectively, yielding, greater output for their entire household., , In other words, where women inherit land we see benefits, for all. Yet, women face particular barriers to procuring and, sefeguarding property ownership. In India, where three, quarters of women currently derive their income from, agriculture, they own less than 13 per cent of land., , 1 build and test a theory to explain the connection, between political representation and economic empowerment., ! argue that quotas can improve the enforcement of women’s, cconomic rights, though a broader ecosystem of conservative, Social norms often generates backlash against (potential), beneficiaries, Specifically, conflict over scarce property, resources encourages violence (from intimidation of women, {0 renounce valuable land rights, to unwillingness to care for, them at vulnerable points: infancy, child birth, or old age, to, female infanticide), resulting in 63 million women estimated, 8S “missing” from India’s population in 2018., , Quotas are most helpful for younger women who are, , le to renegotiate resource distribution across multiple

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domains — specifically land and dowry — which reduces, , the cost to men and the subsequent backlash. Indeed, one of, , my important findings is to show how women's ability to, leverage political power in the service of inclusion leads to, enduring empowerment., , Electoral quotas for women in India's local government,, mandated by the 73rd and 74th constitutional amendments, of 1993, adopt a three-tiered system with “reservations” for, women as heads (Pradhans or Sarpanches) of local, goverment councils (Gram Panchayats). At least one-third, of these elected positions were to be “reserved” exclusively, for female candidates in a given clection., , A use India’s quasi-random implementation of these, ‘reservations to identify the impact of female representation, on enforcement of historic reforms granting Hindu women, equal rights to inherit property. These reforms began at the, State level in 1976 and culminated in the 2005 national, amendment to the Hindu Succession Act, granting roughly, 400 million daughters rights to inherit ancestral property on, Par with sons., , 1. What is the importance of 73rd and 74th constitutional, amendments of 1993? Answer on the basis of the given, passage., , (A) These amendments adopted a three-tiered system, with “reservations” for women as heads (Pradhans, or Sarpanches) of local government councils (Gram, Panchayats)., , (B) These amendments made provisions for providing, quotas to younger women in government jobs., , (C) These amendments made Provisions for uplift of, the weaker sections of the society,, , 1)OnlyAandB 2) Only B and C 3) Only Aand C, , 4) OnlyA 5)AILA, Band C, , 2. The average share of female parliamentarians over the, past two decades has doubled. What is/are the reasons, thereof?, , (A) The growing awareness in women for their rights, , (B) The worldwide introduction of quotas for women, , (C) The benevolence of the government, , 1) Only A 2) Only B 3) Only Cc, , 4) Only B and C S)AILA, BandC, , 3. What is/are the benefit(s) of providing land rights to, women? Answer on the basis of the given Passage,, , 1) They exert greater authority in the household,, , 2) They are less likely to experience domestic, , 3) They have healthier children,, , 4) Only 1) and 2), , 5)All 1),2) and 3), , violence,

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A,, , Which of the following statements is not true in the, , context of the giyen passage? ;, , (A) Land inheritance provides no guarantee of economic, stability in much of the world, . a, , (8) In India, 75% of women currently derive their income, , from agriculture., (C) Indian women own less than 1 3 per cent of land., 1OnlyA 2) Only B 3) Only C, , 4)OnlyBandC 5)AIlA, Band C ,, , The author of the passage can best be recognised as, 1) a political analyst, , 2) acritic, , 3) a constitutional expert, , 4) women's rights activist, , 5) Other than those given as options, , Directions (Q. 6-8): Choose the word which is most, , similar in meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the, , passage., 6. Backlash, 1) cause 2) reaction 3) revision, 4) question 5) repulsion ;, 7, Leverage, 1) influence 2) weaken 3) demean, 4) discard 5) reduce, 8 Culminated, 1 began 2)commenced 3) created, 4) kept 5) concluded, , Directions (Q. 9-10) : Choose the word which is most, , Opposite in meaning of the word printed in bold as used in the, , passage., 9, Contemporary, 1) recent 2) present 3) old, 4) latest 5) existent *, 10. Conflict, 1) clash 2)rivalry 3) strife, 4) agreement 5) collision, , Directions (Q. 11-15): In each of the questions given, , below a sentence is given with one blank. Below each sentence, four words are given, out of which two can fit the sentence,, Five options are given with various combinations of these, words. You have to choose the combinations with the correct, , Set of words which can fit the given sentence,, , ih. Mery Britain and EU ports such as Calais have indicated, : aa 7 fora no-deal scenario, there is little, Fl crashing out would cause substantial, (A) disregard (B) preparedness, (C) readiness (D) disparity, DAB 2BC 3)A-C, 4)B-D 5)C-D, , 12. Europe's auto ind, but itis adding a, could prove particularly, , lustry’s problems don’t end with Brexit,, level of complexity and uncertainty that, , “at a critical time.

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(A) havandous (ty) fait, , (CO) injurious (D) sipeifioant, YAR ee NAC, 4p sye-D, 1. Those shouting hoarse Againat the Hudget proposals, have : done the same in the pant,, (A) indeed (UY) really, (Cy ever (D) only, DAR aac VAC., 4)R-D syoebD, 14. The income support sebeme for farmers comes as no, surprise after the jolt the LIP received inthe, recent Assembly elections,, (A) severe (By exclusive, (C)eude (D) emphatic, HAB 2)B-C VAC, 4)B-D syc-D ’, , 1S, Interim Finance Minister Piyush Goyal has, , _ in his post-Budget interviews (hat while, , Chidambaram “gave concession in SUVs and luxury cars, , 10 benefit the rich”, his government had batted for the, farmers and the lower middle classes., , (A) recorded (B) retorted, (C) countered (D) ordered, DA-B 2)B-C 3)AC, 4)B-D §)C-D, , Directions (Q. 16-20): Rearrange the given six, sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) ina proper sequence, so as to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the, given questions,, , (A) To enhance the process, the Centre will form a, National Centre on Artificial Intelligence ‘as a hub, along with Centres of Excellence., , (B) NITI Aayog will oversce the implementation of these, programmes., , (C) Inthe Interim Budget 2019, interim Finance Minister, Piyush Goyal proposed a National Programme on, Artificial Intelligence with an aim to “take the benefits, of Al and related technologies to the people”., , (D) Goyal has said the government has identified nine, priority areas in this regard, even though he didn’t, shed much light on the details, and announced that, a National Artificial Intelligence portal will come up, soon,, , (E) But if you take a closer look at the way new, technologies are emerging across the globe and how, countries such as India are adopting and benefiting, from their applications in various sectors, it is a tad, disappointing that the Budget, despite the election, year compulsions, did not announce any significant, plans to tap the potential of digital technologies., , (F) On the face of it, the proposals look good.

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17., , 8, , Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence, after the rearrangement?, , 1A 2)B 3c, , 4)D S)E, , Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence, after the rearrangement?, , DA 2)C 3yP, , 4)D 5)B, , Which of the following should be the THIRD sentence, after the rearrangement?, , DE 2)B 3c, , 4)A 5)D, , Which of the following should be the LAST (SIXTH), sentence after the rearrangement?, , 1D 2c 3)B, , 4)E S)A, , Which of the following should be the FOURTH sentence, after the rearrangement?, , NE 2)B 3)c, , 4)A 5)F ‘“, , Directions (Q. 21-25): In each of the questions given, , below a sentence is given which is then divided into five, , " parts, out of which the last part is correct. There is an error, in three parts of the sentence and only one part is correct., You have to choose the correct part as your answer. If all, parts except the last one are incorrect select (5), ie “All are, incorrect”, as your answer. ©, , 21., , One of the key suggestion of the task forte, 1)/tosee AI _, , as a scalable problem solver other than 2) / only as a, , booster of economic growth, sits well with government’s, , ambitious goal 3)/ to create | lakh digital villages +) / in, , the next five years. 5) ;, , 1) One of the key suggestion of the task force,, , 2) to see Al as a scalable problem solver other than, , 3) only as a booster of economic growth, sits well with, government’s ambitious goal, , 4) to create | lakh digital villages, , 5) All are incorrect, , Those crying hoarse over 1) / fiscal discipline must be, , Spared a2) / thought of the long-suffering 3) / farmer and, , 4)/ unorganised workers. 5), , 1) Those crying hoarse over, , 2) fistal discipline must be spared a, , 3) thought of the long-suffering, , 4) farmer and, , 5) Allare incorrect, , ; Any election year or not, 1)/ those mocking or resenting, , 2) / this Budget proposal or argue 3) / about fiscal, discipline, needs to 4) / have a heart. 5), , 1) Any election year or not,, , 2) those mocking or resenting, , 3) this Budget proposal or argue, , 4) about fiscal discipline, needs to