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Session 42, Ram Manohar Lohiya, Introduction, The great socialist leader of a fearless and dynamic personality. Both before independence and, in free India he went to prison several times for the sake of the people. A man of rare scholarship, and independent thought he toiled to create a society which would ensure justice to the poor,, the backward and women A Student in the Motherland's Service, Early Life, Lohiya was born in 1910. His father, Heeralal, was a merchant in Faizabad, in Uttar Pradesh. Ram, Manohar's mother Chanda died when he was two years old. The boy's grandmother brought, him up. His father was a devoted follower of Mahatma Gandhi. Ram Manohar saw Gandhi for, the first time in 1918.due to the influence of his father Lohiya was a Congress volunteer., Lohiya received his education in Bombay, Benaras and Calcutta. He passed the Metriculation, Examination in the first class in 1924. After a two-year course at Benaras University, he joined, the Vidya- sagar College in Calcutta. He leaded the students protest against syman commission, with slogan syman go back. In 1929 he passed the Honors Examination in English Literature. ., He went to Germany for higher studies. Hitler was in power at that time. Lohiya wrote his, doctoral thesis. In Ban University; his subject was the Salt Satyagraha in India. He was awarded, the Doctorate in both Economics and Political Science. He returned to India in 1932., The Congress Socialist Party, During Civil Disobedience Movement Lohiya plunged into the movement with Jayaprakash, Narayan, Yusuf Meherally, Achut Patwardhan, Ashok Mehta, Kamaladevi Chattopadhyaya and, Acharya Narendra Deva. They were imprisoned in the Nasik jail. They had great compassion for, the poor, the peasantry and the working class. These youngsters were determined to strive for, the cause of such people. So they formed a youth wing in the Congress and called it the Congress, Socialist Party in 1934. he published a pridical the "Congress Socialist'. The Second World War, broke out in 1939. The British Government forcibly involved India in the war. Lohiya was against, the war. During Quit India Movement all national leaders were imprisioned. Lohiya started a, secret Broadcasting station and, with Jayaprakash Narayan, he organized an underground, movement. Lohiya laid the foundation for the liberation of Goa from foreign domination. On, August 15, 1947. India became free with two nation. Lohiya was unhappy on this account., Socialist Party, The Congress Socialist Party was not happy with Neharu. The Socialist Party decided to bring, together the peasants, the factory workers and the workers in the middle class. The Socialists, left the Congress Party. They formed their own party. Thereafter Lohiya toured the whole, country. He strongly criticized the policies of the Nehru Government. He stole the hearts of the, youth of the country. Lohiya joined Kagodu Satyagriha in Karnataka It was an important event, that brought Lohiya in close contact with Karnataka. He united socialist party and krishik mazdur, prajaparty renamed as praja socialis party in 1952.The Lohiya bid farewell to both Marxism and, capitalism and worked to indoctrinate socialism to preserve the existence of Gandhiji's, philosophies. He was selected parliament member of Farukhabad and Khanooj in two times. He
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was died in 1967as a Celibate without any asset. I have nothing but the ordinary and poor people, of India, They know me as their own person- Lohiya, Thoughts of Lohia's Ideas for Agricultural Reform, Increase the wages of the agricultural laborer and give the farmer a 2/3 share of the production, and the remaining 1/3 of the land to the landowner. Action should be taken to improve agriculture, through small irrigation schemes by abolishing revenue on the unprofitable farm. Set the, maximum limit of farmland for a family of five to a minimum of 12 1/2 acres to a maximum of, 30 acres and the additional land should be owned by the land owner without any compensation., He suggested creating a food militia and recruiting more than 10,000,000 unemployed to convert, the ruined farmland into arable land and alleviate unemployment and food problems., Lohia's Ideas for Social Reform., Lohia, a socialist thinker, advocated the principles of neo-socialism and advocated democracy,, decentralization, equality, socialism and non-violence. The State Director of our Constitution, the, principles and the fundamental rights, is not capable of achieving a socio-economic and political, democracy and therefore needs to focus on improving them. Opposing the accumulation of wealth, in the country, he emphasized the idea of decentralization of wealth, governance, village, district,, province and central 4 levels of governance and that the issue of unity and security should be, controlled by the central government. Unity is to be achieved by giving the central government, top-tenure for ten years to those who do not speak Hindi as the national language of the state, by, calling it Angreji Hathao. Legislative and executive powers should be equally distributed across, all four levels of government, without allowing anyone else to exercise power and involve all, citizens in governance and find solutions to their problems. Rural agricultural development,, irrigation, distribution of agricultural seeds and revenue collection should be delegated to local, governments, eliminating the interference of the people in the work of government employees., Create an Anti-Corruption Committee for Corruption Control Government employees and, people's representatives must take action every year to declare their property., Equal respect for other language culture and civilizations expresses love and confidence and, allows for the development of nationalism and brotherhood. With a frugality and sacrifice, a, person must earn as much wealth as he needs for his daily needs, thereby avoiding the, concentration of wealth and allowing for the good of all., Lohia's Ideas for Poverty Alleviation, A 13-point plan was put in place to rid the country of poverty: Agriculture and industry should, be developed in two ways, with agriculture becoming a priority and agricultural equipment should, be available at a lower cost. ೨. Any person's monthly income should be a maximum of ₹ 1000., ೩. The state government should give priority to small and good industries. ೪. If any industry, does not achieve its desired goal, then the government must take over and reform such industries,, which is considered ailing. ೫. Each state and central government should have an independent, anti-corruption committee. ೬. The savior must bow to the owner of the earth. ೭. The government
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should have a food army. ೮. 4 levels of governance should be implemented through governance, and economic decentralization. ೯. Housing schemes must provide full-fledged employment, through other economic activities. ೧೦. Elections should be conducted by adult voting in an area, where there is no representation. ೧೧. Establishment of technical, people's high schools and youth, cultural associations. ೧೨. Countries that seek global peace must create peace against the power, bloc on social and economic equality. ೧೩. The government should go ahead with the voluntary, force to do things like irrigation, irrigation canal and road., Lohia's Ideas for Caste and Class Elimination., Throughout history, India has suffered setbacks as the root cause of social divisions and, exploitation in India. So establish caste mitigation associations and take measures to alleviate, caste and class. In the general election, the victors allowed the lower castes by their party and, advised them to actively work to strengthen the country by forgetting their caste. He urged the, people of the country to adopt the Roti and Viswa Sutra and encourage Indian marriage to coexist, and call for Indianization. Thereby advocating the elimination of the caste and class system and, the development of millions of poor people in poverty., Lohia's Seminars on Social Transformation, He asserted his socialist attitudes in The Will of Power Code, asserting that socialism should be, founded on the principles of morality and equality to complement Indian culture. Western, countries are also developing capitalist and imperialist countries with limited populations, but, with large populations of India, it is possible for the country to grow by using small-scale, manpower and using human resources. He called for social transformation to be achieved through, active participation and struggle for solidarity. In this social transformation, he aims at achieving, gender equality, non-discrimination, caste equality, language freedom and global equality., The Lohia's seven types of revolutions, The Saat Revolution, or the Seven Revolutions, means the political, economic, social, cultural,, ideological, educational and spiritual revolution that can eliminate caste, class division, sectarian, conflict, gender discrimination, English dominance, village and urban discrimination, and, discrimination within the country., Chaturmukhi program, Lohia called for a movement for caste abolition, angreji hatao, price control and save the, Himalayas., Lohiara Talks to the United Nations, He said that the problems of the present human culture should be solved with all the people of, the world mentally uniting through the World Organization in order to get rid of conflict and, achieve unity., ರಾಮ್ ಮನ ೋಹರ್ ಲ ೋಹಿಯಾ
