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Rural Awareness Work Experience Programme:, By: Dr .A.C.Singh, Rural Awareness Work Experience Programme (RAWEP) for under graduate students. This is, an unique opportunity for the students to work with the farmers at their farms and identify various, production, protection and marketing constraints. In addition, RAWEP develops competency in the, areas of technological, managerial and communication skills among the students. The main, components of the programme include Crop Production, plant protection, rural economics, extension, programme and research station/attachment to Agro-based industries., , Objectives, The objectives of the programme are:, ●, , To develop an understanding of rural and different situations prevailing in villages with, special reference to horticulture among the students., , ●, , To gain knowledge and experience on the operational aspects of horticultural technology, being used/adopted by the farmers., , ●, , To acquaint the students with the functioning of Agro-based industries and to gain first hand, information., , ●, , To provide an opportunity for practical training in crop production and plant protection, through work experience., , ●, , To familiarize with socio-economic conditions of farmers and several agencies and, institutions involved in rural development., , ●, , To help the students to understand the problems pertaining to horticulture in villages with, special reference to constraints in application of latest orchard technology., , ●, , To develop communications skills in students using extension training methods in the, transfer of Horticultural Production Technology.

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Department of Agronomy:, Learning objectives, 1. To study the existing cropping system, constraints and possible recommendation, 2. To analyse the production practices of existing major field crops and technological gap., 3. To assess the weed infestation and their management, , 1. STUDY OF CROPPING PATTERN CONSTRAINTS/CHALLENGES OF CROP PRODUCTION, &THEIR RECOMMENDATION″, Cropping pattern: - Proportion of total cropped area under various crops at a point of time in a particular, geographical area. Cropping pattern is the key to success for farmers in rural villages who depend on, agriculture for their livelihood., , , Kharif crops: ---------------------------------------- --., , , , Rabi crops:, , , , Zaid crops:, Learning Objectives:, 1. Maximization of net income of farmer., 2. To identify development pathway and drivers of changes., 3. To identify labour use pattern and income from farm and non farm activities., 4. To identify productivity /profitability/labour requirement and seed/ seed subsidies in, , changing cropping pattern., , POSSIBLE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVING CROPPING PATTERN :, , , , , , , , , , , Cropping Intensity:, Cropping intensity refers to raising of a number of crops from the same field during one, agriculture year. Increasing food and other agricultural demands can be meet up either expanding the net, area under cultivation or intensifying cropping over the existing area. The net sown area of the country, has risen by about 20 per cent since independence and has reached a point where it is not possible to, make any appreciable increase. Thus; raising the cropping intensity is the only viable option left.

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No. of the, Respondents, (Farmers), , Total, cultivable land, of respondents, , Kharif, crops, , Area, cultivated, (Bigha/ Ha), , Rabi crops, , Area, cultivated, (Bigha/, Ha), , Zaid crops, , 1, 2, 3, 4, , 5, 6, , 7, 8, 9, , 10, , Cropping Intensity (CI) = (Gross Cropped Area / Net Cropped Area) X 100, Gross Cropped Area of the village =, , Net cropped area of the village =, , Overall Cropping Intensity of the village =, Comment:, , Area cultivated, (Bigha/ Ha)

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2. PACKAGE OF PRACTICES OF MAJOR CROPS:, Name of the crops under consideration: Potato and Mustard, POTATO, 1. Variety used, Farmer’s practice –, Recommended practice –, Technology Gap –, , Suggestions –, 2. Sources of seed, Farmer’s practice –, Recommended practice –, Technology Gap –, Suggestion –, 3. Time of sowing, Farmer’s practice –, Recommended practice –, Technology Gap –, Suggestion –, Seed rate, Tuber size, Seed treatment, Operations, , Farmer’s practice, , Recommended practice, , Seed Rate, , Tuber size, , Seed, treatment, , 4. Manure and Fertilizer Application:, Farmer’s practice:, Recommended practice:, Technology Gap:, , Technology Gap, , Suggestion

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Suggestion:, , Irrigation Scheduling

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Farmer’s practice:, Recommended practice:, Technology Gap:, Suggestion:, Plant Protection Scheduling, Farmer’s practice:, Recommended practice :, Technology Gap :, Suggestion :, Yield, Farmer’s practice :, Recommended practice :, Technology Gap :, Suggestion :, , MUSTARD:, 1. Variety used, , Farmer’s practice:, Recommended practice:, Technology Gap:, Suggestion:, , 2.Sources of Seed:, Farmer’s practice:, Recommended practice:, Technology Gap:, Suggestion:, , 3.Time of Sowing, Farmer’s practice:, Recommended practice:, Technology Gap:, Suggestion:, 4. Method of Sowing, Farmer’s practice:

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Recommended practice:, , Technology Gap:

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Suggestion:, , 5. Manure and Fertilizer Application Farmer’s practice:, , Recommended practice:, , Technology Gap:, , Suggestion:, , 6.Irrigation Scheduling, Farmer’s practice:, Recommended practice:, Technology Gap:, Suggestion:, 7.Plant Protection Scheduling, Farmer’s practice:, Recommended practice:, Technology Gap:, Suggestion:, 8.Yield, Farmer’s practice:, Recommended practice:, Technology Gap:, Suggestion:, , 7. Weed Diversity And Their ManagementLearning objective:To study intensity of occurrence of weeds, damage and control management by the respondent in the area, under study. Besides, Documentation of different weed sp. found in cultivated crops and also to find, out the technological gap between the traditional practices and scientific approaches of weed management

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Introduction:, Weed is a plant out of place. There are 30,000 species of weeds out of which nearly 18,000 cause serious, damage in different crops resulting considerable losses to agricultural production., , Causes of yield loss:

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Methodology,  By interacting with farmers we got information about the weeds that are associated with the crops grown, at that area.,  We studied the village during the harvesting of winter seasons crops, and sowing time of pre- kharif, crops.The crops which are available at that time in the village are, 1. Rice, 6. Tomato, 2. Maize, 7. Brinjal, 3. Mustard, 8. Cabbage, 4. Potato, 5. Okra, Weeds Of Rabi Crops:, i) Common name:, Botanical name:, Infested crops:, Characteristics:, ii) Common name:, Botanical name:, Infested crops:, Characteristics:, iii) Common name:, Botanical name:, Infested crops:, Characteristics:, iv) Common name:, Botanical name:, Infested crops:, Characteristics:, Use:, v) Common name:, Botanical name:, Infested crops:, vi) Common name:, Botanical name:, Infested crops:, Characteristics:, vii) Common name:, Botanical name:

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Infested crops:, Characteristics:, , Weed Management Adopted By Farmer Indigenous Method, 1., , Hand weeding:, , , 2., , , Conventional Method, , 3., , , Herbicidal Control:, , Recommended weed management practice:A. Preventive measure :, , , , B. Cultural method, , , , , , , 

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C. Physical method, , , , ,  ,  , , , Technological Gap,  

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 , ,  ,  ,  , ,  , , ,  , ,  , , , Suggestion:, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , WATER MANAGEMENT :, Learning Objective, ● Management of water based on the soil &crop environment to obtain better yield by efficient use of water, without any damage to environment ., ● The application of water to plants is made naturally through rainfall & artificially through irrigation ., Irrigation:, , SOURCE of irrigation:

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CROPS ARE GROWN IN THE VILLAGE USING IRRIGATION WATER :, , IRRIGATION METHODS USED IN THE VILLAGE:, FLOODING METHOD:, , BED / BRODER METHOD:, , ADVANTAGES:, , FURROW METHOD :-, , CROP, , NO. OF METHOD OF, IRRIG IRRIGATION, , IRRIGA, TION, , ATION, , INTERVAL, , SOURCE OF, IRRIGATION, , GROWING STAGE

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PROBLEMS :, , , , , , , , ● RECOMMENDATION :, ●, ●, ●, ●