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(iii), During dry months one can also avail water supply for irrigation, and other purposes., , (iv) It reduces the loss of rainwater., , 4. (a) The trees absorb water from the soil through their roots., They release excess water as water vapour by the process of, transpiration. This water vapour goes into the air and forms clouds., The roots of trees also help in deep percolation of rainwater and, enriches the water table., , (b) The flood water submerges the standing crops, grasslands and, forests. Due to this, the plants do not get sufficient amount of air, and nutrients and they die., , (c) The problems faced by people after floods are—, , (i) Flood in city areas leads to water-logged roads and streets., This disrupts the traffic on road and causes inconvenience to, the people., , (ii) Floods cause extensive damage to crops. This may cause, acute food shortage and deaths due to hunger., , (iii) Floods cause serious injuries or death of domestic animals, by drowning., , (iv) When flood water recedes, it causes the spread of diseases, like malaria, dengue, cholera, dysentery and diarrhoea., , (v) Floods wash away the top layer of the soil, thus, reduces the, fertility of soil., , (vi) Floods also affect the animals living in the soil. Animals like, earthworms and snakes are exposed., , 5. (a) With increasing population, the demand of water has also, increased. Apart from drinking and using water for different, household works water is also used in agriculture for producing, food and industries for manufacturing a large variety of products., Since the freshwater is available in limited amount, thus we should, conserve water., , (b) The ways to conserve water are, (i) Plant more and more trees., , (ii) Use a bucket and a mug instead of shower while taking bath., , (iii) Close the taps tightly after using them., , (iv) Avoid cleaning utensils under running water., , (v) Check overflowing of water tanks., , (vi) Recycle waste water., (vii) Adopt rainwater harvesting to store the rainwater., (viii) Repair leaking pipelines and water taps immediately., , eee, , (c) The two main types of rainwater harvesting are, (i) Rooftop rainwater harvesting, (ii) Roadside rainwater harvesting