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SECTION B, Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Scientific/Practical skills., , 1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (c), Very Short Answer Questions., 1. (a) water (b) ice, , (c) steam, , 2. Jaundice/dysentery/cholera/typhoid, , 3. Evaporation, Water acts as a medium for the transportation of minerals and other, nutrients from one part of plant to another., , Short Answer Questions., , 1. The process of releasing of extra water by plants into the air in the form, of water vapour through stomata is called transpiration., , 2. Absence of rain in a particular region for a long time leading to severe, shortage of water is called drought., , 3. (a) The problem of water shortage is increasing day by day due to the, , increasing population., (b) Puja cares for her neighbourhood. She is helpful., , 4. The reservoir of water collected over the hard, non-porous rocks below, the surface of the Earth is called groundwater or underground water., , Long Answer Questions., , 1. Rain is useful to us because—, , (i) It brings relief by cooling the environment especially after hot, summer days., , (ii) It is important for irrigating the crops in fields., , (iii) It maintains the supply of water on land by filling streams, lakes,, ponds and raising the water table., , 2. The life of animals living in soil gets affected by heavy rains as the land, gets covered with water. The animals like (snake and earthworm) that, live in soil come out in search of air and food., , 3. The main purpose of rainwater harvesting is not only to hold rainwater, on the surface of the Earth but also to make rainwater percolate under, the ground more efficiently so as to recharge groundwater. This ground, water can then be taken out through tube wells, hand-pumps, etc., as, and when required. The advantage of rainwater harvesting is that it, increases the availability of groundwater and helps in overcoming water, shortage., , The other advantages of rainwater harvesting are—, (i) Soil erosion can be checked by rainwater harvesting., (ii) It helps to control floods.