Page 1 :
S.N.T. PUBLIC SCHOOL, Subject: English Grammar, ADJECTIVES, • An adjective is a word that describes a noun or pronoun., • It describes the quality, colour, shape, size, number, etc., of a noun, or pronoun., Example:, 1. She wore a pretty dress., 2. Three children got full marks in the Maths test., 3. Your pen looks beautiful., , Kinds of Adjectives :, 1. Adjectives of Quality / Qualitative Adjective, 2. Adjectives of Quantity/ Quantitative Adjective, 3. Adjectives of Number/ Numeral Adjective, 4. Demonstrative Adjectives, 5. Interrogative Adjectives, 6. Proper Adjective, 7. Possessive Adjective
Page 2 :
1. Adjective of Quality:, • An adjective of quality describes the quality of noun or pronoun., • It answer the question 'What kind of noun or pronoun?' or 'How?', Examples:, i. Sita's pencil is sharp., i. She wore a pretty dress., iii. Ashoka was a great king., , 2. Adjective of Quantity:, • An adjective of quantity describes the quantity of a thing., • Quantitative adjective is uncountable in nature e.g. some much,, little and all etc., • It answer the question 'How much?'., Examples :, 1. I need some water., 2. I eat the whole cake., 3. All the students are present.
Page 3 :
3. Adjective of Number:, • An adjective of quantity describes the quantity of a thing., • Quantitative adjective is countable in nature e.g. one , two, three,, first, second or third etc., • It answer the question 'How many?', Examples:, 1. He is sitting at the first bench., 2. There are fifty rooms in my school., 3. I drink two glasses of milk daily., , 4. Demonstrative Adjectives:, • Demonstrative Adjectives are the words which indicate or point, out the nouns. E.g. this, that, these, those., • It answer the question 'which /what?', Example:, 1. This house is mine., 2. These clouds are black., 3. Who are those boys ?
Page 4 :
Note:, • This is my pen., (Demonstrative Pronoun), • This pen is mine., ( Demonstrative Adjective), , 5. Interrogative Adjectives:, Adjectives that are used for asking questions are called interrogative, adjectives., Examples:, 1. Which car do you like?, 2. Whose pencil is this ?, 3. What colour you want?, , 6. Proper Adjectives:, • Proper adjectives are formed from proper nouns especially from, names of places., Proper Noun, India, China, Kerala, France, Thailand, IIT, SNT, , Proper Adjective, Indian, Chinese, Keralite, French, Thai, IITIAN, SNTIAN
Page 5 :
Examples:, 1. John is a Swede who had married a French lady., 2. Shakespearean actors are ready to play., 3. How many Asian countries have you visited?, , 7. Possessive Adjectives, Adjectives that show the possession of a noun is called possessive, adjective e.g. my, your, his, her, our etc., • It is used with nouns., Examples:, 1. This is my book., 2. Where is your umbrella?, 3. She has lost her diary., , 8. Participles as Adjectives, • Both present participles and past participles can be used as, adjectives., • Present participle adjectives are active and are used to denote a, particular effect., • Present Participles = Verb + ing, Interest + ing, bore + ing, confuse + ing, Excite + ing, , =, =, =, =, , Interesting, Boring, Confusing, Exciting
Page 6 :
Examples:, 1. I watched an interesting movie last week., 2. A nice hot bath is so relaxing after a long day., 3. What a shocking crime! It's terrible., • Past participles are passive and are used to mean 'affected in a, particular way., • Past Participle = Verb +( ed or en ), Bore + ed, = Bored, Interest + ed = Interested, Excite + ed, = Excited, Forgot + en = Forgotten, Examples:, 1. The tired old man sat down under the tree., 2. She was excited to win first prize in the competition., 3. She was so relaxed, sitting in front of the fire, that she didn't want, to move., , 9. Distributive Adjectives:, • An Adjective refer to each and every person or thing separately is, called Distributive Adjective. i.e. Each, Every, either, neither, any,, one, both etc., Examples:, 1. Each boy was gives a chocolate., 2. Neither of them got majority., 3. I love any song that Sakira sings., 4. Both of them are in the room.
Page 7 :
Order of Adjectives:, • When two or more adjectives are used before a noun, they have to, be put in the right order as given., Quality ➡️ Size ➡️ Age ➡️ Shape ➡️Colour ➡️ Origin ➡️ Material ➡️, Purpose ➡️ Noun, Examples:, 1. She is wearing a pink silk dress., 2. I like beautiful big red Maruti car., 3. Where is your big red football., , Comparison Of Adjectives:, • Adjectives can show comparison between two or more people,, places, animals or things ., • There are three forms of degrees, of adjectives., , • There are three degrees or forms of adjectives., 1. Positive Degree, 2. Comparative Degree, 3. Superlative Degree, , Positive Degree :, • We use positive degree of comparison when there is no, comparison or when we compare two things using as, so, as.......
Page 8 :
as, so...........as etc., • We use, as........as in Affirmative sentence, so........as in Negative sentence, Examples:, 1. Naina is so intelligent., 2. Naina is as intelligent as Saloni., 3. Rahul is not so intelligent as Naina., , • Comparative Degree:, When we compare two persons or things, we use comparative, degree., • In comparative degree we use word 'than' ., Examples:, 1. Naina is stronger than Rani., 2. Naina is more beautiful than her., 3. He is better than me in unit test., , • Superlative Degrees:, When we compare more than two persons or things , we use, superlatives degree., • We use article 'the' with the superlatives degree., Examples:, 1. Naina is the most intelligent girl in the school., 2. I am the happiest person in the world.
Page 9 :
Change of Degrees of Comparison:, • The comparative and the superlative degrees of comparison are, formed by adding 'er' and 'est' respectively to the base form of an, adjective., Positive, , Comparative, , Superlative, , High, , Higher, , Highest, , Light, , Lighter, , Lightest, , Old, , Older, , Oldest, , Short, , Shorter, , Shortest, , • Sometimes we changes in spelling as:, Vowel + Consonant = Consonant doubled + (er or est ), Thin, , Thinner, , Thinnest, , Fat, , Fatter, , Fattest, , Hot, , Hotter, , Hottest, , Red, , Redder, , Reddest
Page 10 :
• Words ending 'e' = remove 'e' from 'er' or 'est'., Wise, , Wiser, , Wisest, , Fine, , Finer, , Finest, , Brave, , Braver, , Bravest, , Large, , Larger, , Largest, , • If word ends with, (Consonant + y) then change 'y' into 'i' and add 'er' or 'est'., Happy, , Happier, , Happiest, , Lazy, , Lazier, , Laziest, , Pretty, , Prettier, , Prettiest, , Busy, , Busier, , Busiest, , • If word ends with, (Vowel +y) then only add 'er' and 'est'., Grey, , Greyer, , Greyest, , Lay, , Layer, , Layest
Page 11 :
• If words with two syllable or end with 'full', 'less', 'ing', 'ed' or, 'ous' we add "more' and 'most'., Beautiful, Handsome, , more beautiful, , most beautiful, , more Handsome, , most handsome, , Famous, , more Famous, , most famous, , Careful, , more Careful, , most Careful, , • Few adjectives use different words for changing degrees., Good, , better, , best, , Much, , more, , most, , Little, , less, , least, , Bad, , worse, , worst
