Page 4 :
3. Bacterial Diseases, (i) Typhoid, It is caused by pathogenic bacterium Salmonella tyrhi., It is spread by contaminated fxd and water., It generally enters the small intestine and then migrates to other organs through blood., Symptoms, (a) Constant high fever (39°C to 40°C) (6) Weakness, ) Stomach pain, (e) Constiration, (d) Loss of appetite, ) Tleadache, ()Intestinal perforation and death may occur in severe cases., Typhoid fever can be confirmed by Widal test., Mary Mallon, called Typhoid Mary, was a cook and a typhoid carrier who continued to spread, the disease for several years through the food prepared by her, before it was discovered., , (ti) Pneumonia, It, , caused by streytococcus preumontae and facmophilus, , influenzae., They infect alveoli (air-filled sacs) of the lungs where the aveli get filled with a fluid resulting, in the decrease of respiratory efficiency of the lungs., t is spread by inhaling droplets/aerosol from infected persons and sharing glasses and utensils, with an intected peTOn., is, , Symptoms, a) Fever, (d), , 4., , Ileadache, , (b) Chills, , ()Cough, , () In severe cases, lips and finger nails turn gray to bluish in colour,, , Viral Diseases, (i) Common cold, It, , is caused by a group of viruses called rhino viruses., These viruses infect the nasal epithelhum and respiratory passage but not the lungs., , Their attack lasts for about -7 days., It spreads by (a) contaminated objects like pens, books, cups, etc., (b) cough and sneeze droplets, from an intected person., Symptoms, (b) Sore throat, (a) Nasal congestion and discharge, ()loarseness, (d) Cough, (e) Tleadache, (0 Tiredness