Page 1 :
PLANT KINGDOM, , , , , ‘Systems of classification : 3/4 major systems,, isms., , 1. Artificial system- oldest, simple based on special adaptations and habits of organi:, , €9. Classification of animals in to those with wings & those with out wings., its in to herbs, shrubs &, , (Eg. Linnaeus two kingdome system of classification, Aristotles classification of plan, trees.), , 2. Natural system of classification-classification done based on comparisons of maximum number of, characters possible. (floral as well as vegetative) Eg. Bentham and Hookers classification of angiosperms, , , , 3. Phylogenetic system of classification. (cladistics) The evolutionary history of a particular group of, organism is called phylogeny. Classification made on the basis of evolutionary and genetic relationship of an, organism is called as phylogenetic system of classification. Eg Engler & Prantis classification, Hutchinsons, , classification., , ‘Taxonomy -study of principles and practices of classification. It includes identification, classification and, nomenclature., (4.New systematic -proposed by Julian Huxley.it is an integrated approach of taxonomic study, , 1. Numerical taxonomy (Phenetics)-based on number of similar observable characters. It is a statistical, , method, 2. Cytotaxonomy-based on cytological characters like chromosome number, behavior etc, , 3. Chemotaxonomy-classification based on chemical composition of plants., , Thalopyta-simplest and most primitive plants. In thallophytes _ plant body cannot be differentiated in to, root, stem & leaves. Such an undifferentiated plant body is called thallus., , ALGAE. Study of algae-Phycology. _Father of Indian phycology- M.O.P. lyengar, , Father of Phycology-F.E.Fritsch., , Algae are chlorophyll bearing thallophytes. They are fresh water or marine. They may range from, unicellular microscopic to large multicellular plants.Floating mass of algae forms phytoplanktones. They, , do not have vascular tissue., , Classification_of algae. Based on the nature of the photosynthetic pigment and reserve food materials, algae are classified in to 3 divisions. They are Red algae, Brown algae & Green algae., , 1 .Red algae or_Rhodophyceae, Habitat- Marine, rarely freshwater., Pigments-Chlorophyll -a, chl.b &Phycoerythrin (red-dominent), Reserve food- Floridian starch., , Cell wall- cellulose and carrageen. ( Asexual reproduction is by non motile spores.)