Page 1 :
Amoebic Dysentery (Amoebiasis),, , -It is caused by Entamoeba histolytica., Infection is through contaminated food, and water., The pathogen resides in the large intestine., , Its, , symptoms include, , :, , (, , Abdominal pain and cramps., is, (ii) Stools with excess mucus, and blood, , gtd, , ttdtae, , clots, , (iii) Constipation alternating with, diarrhoea., -Housefilies act as mechanical carriers, and transfer the parasite from the faeces, person to the food articles, and water., , of, , infected

Page 2 :
1/FungalDISCSC, (a RingYorms., are cauSed, by fungi, The symptoms,include: like Microsporn, Epilermoplhyton, and Trichopy, i)dry scaly lesions on skin,, (i lesions are accompanied nails and senlp., by itching., Ringworns are generaly, acquired from, soil or by direct contact, used by the infected, with the contaminated, persons., artucies, Helminthic Disca, , These, , Ascariasis., caused by Ascaris lhmbricoides., ItItsissymptoms, (round worm)., include:, , ()Blockage of intestinal passage,, , (ii) Abdominal/muscular, , pain,, , LntsUnal Masife, , (i) Anaemia,, , (iv) Internal bleeding., (vi), headache., Intection is through contaminated vegetables,, fruits and water as eggs of parasite, by the infected persons contaminate, excreted, soil, plants and water., ilariasis/Elephantiasis., , (v) Nausea and, , It, , is caused by Wuchereria bancrofti and, Wuchereria malayi (filarial worms)., hey normally cause intilammation of, the organs in which they live for many years, normally affect the lymph vessels, hey, of the lower limbs (causing them to swell like that, an, of elephant, hence called, elephantiasis)., , Genital organs may also be affected leading to gross deformities., Female Culex mosquito the-vector., is, , Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, The following practices can prevent/control most of, the infectious diseases, () Maintenance of personal hygiene (keeping the body clean, consumption clean food, of, and water)., (in Maintenance of public hygiene (proper disposal of excreta/wastes,, periodic cleaning and, disinfection of water reservoirs, observing standard practices of hygiene in public catering)., Eradication, a(ii), of vectors and their breeding places., Vaccination and immunisation for diseases like polio, diphtheria, tetanus, etc., T(iv), ()Use of antibiotics and dugs to treat the infected þersons., 9., , HImmunity, , Immunity. is of the following types, , Immunit, , Acquired Immunity, , Innate Immunity, , PhysiologicalCellularytokine, , Physical, barrier, , barriers, , barrier, , barmers, , Active, , Passive, , Immunityy, , Immunity, , Immunity., , nate Annate immunity refers to all the defence elements with which an individual, J, , body., always available to protect the, , dgencothat, is non-specific-type, barriers:, following, of the, consists, Barriers. They include the skin, hysical, A, , is, , is, , born and, , present at the time 0, , and the mucuS-coated epithelium of, Wnere the mucus helps in trapping, respiratory, gastro-intestinal ana unno-gental uraicS,, , the, , microbes., , Health, , and Disease 181