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CLASS – 12TH POTITICAL SCIENCE - THE COLD WAR ERA ( CONTEMPORARY WORLD POLITICS ), TOPIC- CHALLENGE TO BIPOLARITY, , 1956, 1961(1st)Belgrade, 2nd Cairo, Egypt 10Sep1964 , 2006(14th) Havana cuba, 2016(17th) Venezuela., The leastest meeting the 18th summit was held in Azerbaijan in 2019, (120-17), (NAM ), , doubt, , CHALLENGE TO BIPOLARITY, , What where the benefits to India by adopting the policy of Non-Alignment., , , India was able to take international decision independently., Could take decisions keeping his interests in mind., India has always been in such a situation if one superpower was against it, it could go towards, the other., In such a situation, no one could bully India, nor could anyone worry about it., India avoided being enslaved again by adopting the policy of non-Alignment, and also saved, the other newly independent countries., , How India's policy of non-Alignment was criticized., Critics said that India's policy of non-alignment is devoid of principles, and India, refrains from taking important international decisions to address its national interests., There is no stability in India’s behavior, critics say, India befriended the Soviet Union, in 1971, made treaties, and is against non-alignment policy., Some even went so far as to state that India was included in the Soviet Union and, profess non-alignment.
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Non-Alignment Is Neither Isolationism Nor Neutrality., Isolationism: Isolationism means keeping yourself from international affairs., That is, do not mean anything to any other country., From 1787 to 1914, America kept itself apart from the word by adopting a, policy of isolationism., Played an active role in compromising the Rival functions to maintain, peace and stability., But no Aligned countries did not adopt a policy of “ isolationism.”, , Neutrality: Neutrality means primarily following a policy of not engaging in war., It is not necessary for a country that follows a policy of “neutrality” to help end the, war., Such countries neither participate in the war nor is there any side about the right, and wrong of the war., Non-aligned countries joined the war for many reasons, these countries tried to help other, countries to avert war., But non-aligned countries did not follow neutrality.
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Isolationism, The policy of staying away from alliances should not be considered isolationism or neutrality., Non-alignment is not isolationism since isolationism means remaining aloof from world, affairs., Isolationism sums up the foreign policy of the US from the American War of Independence, in1787 up to the beginning of the First World War., In comparison, the non-aligned countries, including India, played an active role in mediating, between the two rival alliances in the cause of peace and stability., Their strength was based on their unity and their resolve to remain non-aligned despite the, attempt by the two superpowers to bring them into their alliances., , So, Non Alignment Mean Neutrality, Non-alignment is also not neutrality., Neutrality refers principally to a policy of staying out of war. States practising neutrality are, not required to help end a war., They do not get involved in wars and do not take any position on the appropriateness or, morality of a war., Non-aligned states, including India, were actually involved in wars for various reasons., They also worked to prevent war between others and tried to end wars that had broken out.
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NEW INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC ORDER
