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UNITS AND, MEASUREMENTS, , , , , , , , , , , , , Unit, Physical quantities ; Fundamental and derived quantities and, their units. Systems of unit : CGS, MKS, FPS and SI Dimensions,, Dimensional formula. Errors, Types of errors - Instrumental,, , systematic and random error, estimation of errors - absolute,, relative and percentage error, significant figures,, , Unit Outcomes, , |. Describe the concept of given physical quantities with relevant, , unit of measurement., 2. Explain various systems of units and i, measurement of the given physical quantities., , , , , , , , , , 3. Determine the dimensions of the given physic:, , 4, State the error in the given measurement with, , 1.1 | Introduction, , , , Physics is a branch of science which d, ‘Nature and Natural Phenomena’, It play’s y, the future programme of the humankind. Physics, material in the universe and technology transfe, physics into experimental techniques in engineerin, , For this purpose measurement of a physic, foundation for all the experimental techniques in, , d-i), , Scanned with CamScanner
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Basic Science ( Physics), the engineering measurements, calculations and models are based on, , physics., , Physical quantity is, or indirectly. Any physical quantit, terms of a number and unit., , e measured either directly, , a quantity that can b, and expressed in, , y can be measured, , 1.2 | Physical Quantity and its Unit, , Definitions :, , 1) Physical quantity : The physical quantity is a property of an, object that can be measured with the measuring instruments., e.g. Length, Mass, Time, Force, etc., , 2) Unit of physical quantity : The reference standard used _ for, measurement of a physical quantity is called as unit of that, , quantity., e.g. 1) The length of rod is 5 cm., Here length is a physical quantity of rod and metre is its unit., , 2) Mass is measured is kilogram., , 4.2.1 Requirements OR Characteristics of Standard, (Good) Unit, , 1) It should be universely accepted, , 2) It should be well defined., , , , , , , , , , , 3) It should not change wi, 4) It should be easily avai, , 5) It should be convenient, , Review Questions, , , , Q.1 Define physical quan, Q.2 Define unit of physica, , , , Technical Pub, , Scanned with CamScanner
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tld, , Basic Science (Physics) 1-3 Units and Measurements, , , , Q.3 Define the term unit used for the measurement of physical quantity., , Q.4 State the requirement / characteristics of standard unit., , , , , , , , , , 1.3 | System of Units, , A set of fundamental and derived units is called a system of units., Following are the some examples of system of units based on the units, of length, mass and time., 1) C.G.S. System (cm-g-s) : In this system, centimetre, gram and, second are the units of length, mass and time respectively. |, 2) M.K.S. System (m-kg-s) : In this system, metre, kilogram and, second are the units of length, mass and time respectively., 3) F.P.S. System (ft-Ib-s) : In this system, foot, pound and second, are the units of length, mass and time respectively., , 4) S.I. System : S.I. is a short form of “System international ‘d’, units”. This system consists of seven fundamental, two, , supplementary and large number of derived units., , Review Questions, , , , , , , , Q.1 List different systems of unit., Q.2 State different types of systems of uni, Q.3 Define the term system of units used ii, , quantity., , 1.4 | Physical Quantities _, , Physical quantity is a property of ai, with the measuring instruments., , There are two types of physical quanti, , , , , , ™, Technical Publications - Anup t, , Scanned with CamScanner
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7 Units and Measurement,, , Bavic Svience (Physics), , , , , , Physical quantities, , , , , , , , , , , , , , iti i tities, Fundamental quantities Derived quan, , | t, , e Depends on fundamental, , , , , , , , , , , , , , « Do not depend on other physical quantities, physical quantities eg. 1. Area = Length * Breadth, ¢ eg. length, mass, time Mass, , 2. Density = Yorume, , , , , , , , , , , , 1) Fundamental quantities (Based quantities), , The physical quantities which do not depend on any other physical, , quantities for their measurements are known as_ fundamental, quantities., , Fundamental units, , The units used to measure the fundamental quantities are called, fundamental units., , There are seven fundamental quantities/units with two, supplementary units., , Seven fundamental quantities, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Sr. No. | Fundamental quan, 1) Length, 2) Mass, 3) Time, 4) Temperature, 5) Electric current, 6) Luminous intensity, 7) Amount of substance, , , , Table 1.4.1 : Seven fundamental quantiti, , , , , , . ™, Technical Publications - An, , Scanned with CamScanner
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Units and Measurements, , aw, , Basic Science (Physics) I, Two supplementary units, , , , Sr.No. | Fundamental quantity | S.I. unit | Symbol, , , , 1) Plane angle radian rad, , , , , , , , , , , , , , 2) Solid angle steradian st, , , , Table 1.4.2 : Two supplementary quantities with S.I. units and their symbols, 2) Derived quantities, , The physical quantities which depend on one or more fundamental, , quantities for their measurements are called derived quantities., , e.g. Area, force, density, speed, volume., , , , Note : 1. Area = Length x Breadth, , Here area depends on Length and Breadth, ty Mass _ Mass, | 2. Densily = Volume ~ Length x Breadth x Height, , , , , , In this case, density depends on mass, L, Band H., , , , + Derived units : The units used to measur, , , , , , are called derived units., , e.g. unit of force is newton (N), , , , , , , , , Review Questi, , Q.l Define fundamental and derived quanti, , Q.2 Define fundamental and derived units., , 0.3 List all the fundamental physical quantit, , QA Define fundamental quantity, Give twoquantities with S.1. units., , Q.5 Define derived quantity. Give two examp, , Q.6 Write pve supplementary quantities with, , , , , , SS, , ™ 3, Technical Publications — - An up thrust, , Scanned with CamScanner
