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JAIGOPAL GARODIA VIVEKANANDA VIDYALAYA, AVADI,CH-5 4, HISTORY-DEVOTIONAL PATH TO THE DIVINE, , ANSWER THE FOLLOWING:, 1. Who were Nayanars and Alvars?, Between the 7” and 9" century,a new religious movement led by Nayanars, (devotees of Shiva) and Alvars (devotees of Vishnu) who came from all castes,, including untouchables like the pulaiyars and the panars gained momentum., 2. Give five principles of Bhakti tradition?, The principles of Bhakti tradition are as follows:, © One supreme God, © Good Deeds, © No Belief in Rituals, © Opposed to the Rigidity of the Caste System, © Condemned Idol and Image Worship., 3. What were the main teachings of Guru Nanak?, The main teachings of Guru Nanak were:, Worship of one God, Caste creed or gender was irrelevant for attaining liberation ., To pursue active life with a strong sense of social commitment ., To use nam,dan and isnan for the essence as right worship, welfare of, others and purity of conduct ., © To follow nam-japna,kirt-karna and vand-chhakna which highlights the, importance of right belief and worship honest living and helping others ., 4, What were the major ideas expressed by Kabir?, © Kabir believed in formless supreme God and preached that the only way, to salvation is through bhakti and devotion ., © His teachings were against the major religious traditions and criticized, external worship of both Brahmanical Hinduism and Islam, the, pre-eminence of the priestly classes and used Hindi openly which was, understood by the common people ., © He often used cryptic language which is not easy to be followed now ., 5. What was the Virashaiva tradition of Karnataka?, © This sect was founded by Basavanna ., © This sect rejected the authority of the vedas and opposed the, Brahmanical claims to superiority ., © They were also against all forms of ritual and Idol worship .