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34 Resources axo DevELorMent, , Cultural: Places with religion or cultural significance, attract people. Varanasi, Jerusalem and Vatican city Glossary, , are some examples. Life expectancy, Economic: Industrial areas provide employment Itis the number, opportunities. Large number of people are attracted to of years that an, these areas. Osaka in Japan and Mumbai in India are average Person can, two densely populated areas. expect to live, , Poputation CHANGE, , ‘The population change refers to change in the number ena, of people during a specific time. The world population t, has not been stable. It has increased manifold as seen, , in the Fig 6.3. Why? This is actually due to changes in i), the number of births and deaths. For an extremely long 0, period of human history, until the 1800s, the world’s rT}, population grew steadily but slowly. Large numbers of, , babies were born, but they died early too. This was as Hv, there were no proper health facilities. Sufficient food was, not available for all the people. Farmers were not able, to produce enough to meet the food requirements of all, the people. As a result the total increase in population, was very low., , In 1804, the world’s population reached one, billion. A hundred and fifty five years later, in 1959,, the world’s population reached 3 billion. This is often, called population explosion. In 1999, 40 years later,, the population doubled to 6 billion. The main reason, , , , for this growth was that with better food supplies and i 0 98, medicine, deaths were reducing, while the number of, births still remained fairly high. oo oo ob, , Births are usually measured using the birth rate i.e., the number of live births per 1,000 people. Deaths are, usually measured using the death rate i.e. the number 1 to we, of deaths per 1,000 people. Migrations is the movement a 00 0 a0, of people in and out of an area., , Births and deaths are the, natural causes of population, change. The difference between, the birth rate and the death, rate of a country is called the | ri, natural growth rate., , Thc popion necase in lat fh at, the world is mainly due to rapid, increase in natural growth rate Fig 6.3: World Population Growth, , , , , , Huw Resources 6§, , (QO, gee, , Birth rate more than death Birth rate and death rate same: Death rate more than birth, rate: population increase population stays the same _rate:population decreases, Fig 6.4: Balance of Population, , Migration is another way by which population size, changes. People may move within a country or between, , ~ countries. Emigrants are people who leave a country;, OD ceniny Immigrants are those who arrive in a country.