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(Class IX), , Question 1:, Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:, (i) To which one of the following types of vegetation does rubber belong to?, (a) Tundra, (b) Himalayan, (c) Tidal, (d) Tropical Evergreen, Answer:, (d) Tropical Evergreen, (ii) Cinchona trees are found in the areas of rainfall more than, (a) 100 cm, (b) 70 cm, (c) 50 cm, (d) less than 50 cm, Answer:, (a) 100 cm, (iii) In which of the following state is the Simlipal bio-reserve located?, (a) Punjab, (b) Delhi, (c) Odisha, (d) West Bengal, Answer:, (d) West Bengal, (iv) Which one of the following bio-reserves of India is not included in the world, network of bioreserve?, (a) Manas, (b) Gulf of Mannar, (c) Nilgiri, (d) Nanda devi, Answer:, (a) Manas, 1

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(Class IX), , Question 2:, Answer the following questions briefly., (i) Define an ecosystem., (ii) What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in, India?, (iii) What is a bio-reserve? Give two examples., (iv) Name two animals having habitat in tropical and montane type of vegetation., Answer 2:, (i) All the plants and animals in an area are interdependent on each other. The, plants and animals; along with their physical environment make the ecosystem., (ii) Relief (Land and soil) and Climate (Temperature, humidity, photoperiod and, precipitation) are the factors which are responsible for the distribution of plants, and animals in India., (iii) A biosphere reserve is an area proposed by its residents, ratified by a national, committee, and designated by UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere (MAB) program,, which demonstrates innovative approaches to living and working in harmony, with nature., (iv) Tropical (Elephant, deer) and Montane (yak, snow leopard), , Question 3:, Distinguish between, (i) Flora and Fauna, (ii) Tropical Evergreen and Deciduous forests, Answer 3:, (i) Plant species comprise the flora, while animal species comprise the fauna., (ii) Trees of evergreen forests do not shed their leaves at a fixed time in a year,, while trees of deciduous forest shed their leaves at a fixed time in a year., , 2

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(Class IX), , Question 4:, Name different types of Vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of, high altitudes., Answer 4:, There are five major types of vegetation in India: Tropical Rainforests, Tropical, Deciduous Forests, Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs, Montane Forests and, Mangrove Forests., Montane Forest: The forests in the mountainous areas are called montane forest., These forests are mainly found along the southern slopes of the Himalayas and at, high altitudes in southern and north-eastern India. Kashmir stag, spotted deer,, wild sheep, jack rabbit, Tibetan antelope, yak, snow leopard, squirrels, Shaggy, horn wild ibex, bear, rare red panda, sheep and goats are the common animals in, these forests., Question 5:, Quite a few species of plants and animals are endangered in India. Why?, Answer 5:, Large scale deforestation has reduced the natural habitat of many plants and, animals. Due to this, many species of plants and animals are endangered in India., Question 6:, Why has India a rich heritage of flora and fauna?, Answer 6:, India has a variety of climatic conditions; like tropical, subtropical, desert and, mountainous. Due to this, there are enough habitats for a large variety of flora, and fauna. Due to this, India has a rich heritage of flora and fauna., , 3