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01, , Sun : The Ultimate Source, Insolation, Insolation is the solar radiation that reaches the earth’s surface in the form of short waves., The Process of heat transfer in the atmosphere, , Heat Budget, The Balance Between insolation & terrestrial radiation is called heat budget. Through heat budget,, the surface temperature of the earth is kept balanced., , Suppose that the total amount of the insolation reaching the outer surface of the atmosphere is 100, units, look at the table to see how this energy is distributed :

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Temperature, Temperature is the degree of hotness of the atmosphere., Diurnal range & Daily mean temperature., , Isotherms, The Imaginary lines connecting places having equal atmospheric temperature, are called Isotherms., Factors Influencing Distribution of temperature, 1. Latitude, Temperature is typically warmer approaching the equator and cooler approaching the, poles., 2. Altitude, Temperature decreases with increase of altitude and vice versa., 3. Nearness of Ocean, The range of temperature will be high at places away from sea level and vice versa., 4. Wind, The warm and cold winds are respectively raise and lower the temperature of the places, through they pass., Global Distribution of temperature, Global distribution of temperature is depend upon the following factors, 1., Differential heating of land and water, During Summer, high temperature prevails over the land compared to the sea and during the, winter, condition is reversed., 2., Fluctuations in the atmospheric temperature due to solar radiation that leads to the, atmospheric phenomena like pressure variations, wind, cloud and precipitation (rain), 3., Humidity, The water content or amount of moisture (ഈര്‍പ്പം ) in the atmosphere is called Humidity, Factors influencing humidity, a) Temperature, b) Distance from sea level etc, Absolute & Relative humidity, Absolute Humidity, The actual amount of water present in the atmosphere is called absolute humidity. It is, measured as the amount of water vapour present per cubic meter volume of air (g/m³)., Relative Humidity, Relative humidity is measured using the, instrument called wet & dry bulb, thermometer.

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Why the isotherms in the northern hemisphere are almost bending compared to isotherms in the, southern hemisphere ?, Why the isotherms behave differently in summer & winter seasons ?, Explain the following words, 1. Saturation level, 2. Dew Point., -----------------Part I, JAMSHID K HST GHS PANNIPPARA JAMSHID K HST GHS PANNIPPARA JAMSHID K HST GH