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of an organism., , CHAPTER-05, , MORPHOLOGY OF, FLOWERING PLANTS, , = Morphology is the branch of biology which deals with the study of external characters, , => — Study of flowering plants is called as ‘Anthology’, , ROOT, , Characters of root :, , 1) Develops from radical, 2) Positively geotrophic or positively hydrotrophic, 3) Negatively phototrophic, , 4) Produce similar organs endogenously, 5) Nodes & internodes are absent, , Types of root system :, , _, , Tap root system :, , => — Tap root system develops from radical. Radical develops into tap root (or main root or, true root or primary root). Tap root produce lateral branches in acropetal succession., Tap root and all lateral branches collectively called tap root system. Ex. Mustard, , (Brassica compestris), , , , , , , , , Fig rap Root system, , Tap Root, Lateta) toot», , , , , , , , NEET NOTES
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MORPHOLOGY OF, , eM a Cem WN be), , , , 2. Fibrous root system :, => In monocot plants, radical is ephemeral. Therefore, many fibrous roots develop from, lowermost nodal region of stem and form fibrous root system. Ex. Maize (Zea mays) &, , Wheat (Triticum), , , , , , yo Fibtous Revt system, , Fig, Types of root :, , Tap root: The root which develops from radical is called tap root. (Ex. All Dicots), Fibrous root : The root which develop from lowermost nodal region of the stem. (Ex., All monocots), , 3. Adventitious root : The root which develop from any part of the plant other than, radical & lowermost nodal region of the stem., , Ex. Grass, Monstera, Banyan tree etc., , Regions of root :, , There are four regions of root from apex to base., , Region of root cap :, , First region from apex to base, , It is Homogenous region, , Made up of permanent cells, , or parenchyma or statocytes, , 4. Function : Protection & gravity, perception., , 5. It is thimble like structure., , 6. Absent in epiphytic roots,, parasitic roots, mycorrhizal, roots & roots of aquatic plants., , 7. Multiple root caps are present in, , Pandanus (Screw pine) * fae Regions a Root, , , , , , , , Pe, , , , , , , , Region a Matugation, , wre, , Region Elongation, , jon OF, Maktetermette Aisi, , Root cap
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MORPHOLOGY OF, , FLOWERING PLANTS, , , , II. Region of Meristematic Activity :, , It is second region from apex to base, , Homogenous region, , Made up of immature cells or meristematic cells or undifferentiated cells., Function : Primary growth of root, , It is Smallest region of root., , II. Region of Elongation :, , III region from apex to base, , Homogenous region, , Made up of elongating cells or maturating cells or differentiating cells or Growing, cells, , IV. Region of Maturation :, , IV" region from apex to base, , od Ee, , 1, 2. Heterogenous region, , 3. Made up of permanent cells or mature cells or differentiated cells, , 4 Few epidermal cells develop thin, unicellular, thread like extensions called as root, hairs., , Function : Perform functions of roots, , 6. It is Longest region of root, Modification of Tap root, , Food Storage, , S.J > Plants growing in mangrove region or, - - coastal region or inter-tidal region are, Having definite shape Don't have called as Halophytes., | definite shape > Main root system do not get sufficient air, for respiration hence some roots grow, i i | t positively phototropic & develop lenticels, [Conical | Tuberous for gaseous exchange, , | | | | Ex. Rhizophora,Sonneratia, Avicenia &, Heritiera (Sundri), , , , a, , , , , , , , , , , , , , Carrot Radish Beet & Turnip 4° clock, (Raphanus — (Brassica rapa) plant, “ (Mirabilis), , , , , , Ereagutg tes, , beating foots, eusplnatetg tants, , , , , , , , Ee: Conical Boot | [fax Fucitpue 200) | ey: tapi ent, , , , , , , , , , , , , , NEET NOTES
