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ATOMIC ENERGY CENTRAL SCHOOL,, INDORE, CLASS XI, , BIOLOGY, , MODULE 4.1, UNIT – I / CHAPTER 4, , ANIMAL KINGDOM, NEERAJ KUMAR BAMANIA, PGT(SS) - BIOLOGY, ATOMIC ENERGY CENTRAL SCHOOL, INDORE
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ANIMAL, KINGDOM, , MODULE 4.1, , WHAT IS AN ANIMAL?, •, , Animals are multicellular, and heterotrophic, , organisms without cell, wall and chlorophyll.
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BASIS OF CLASSIFICATION, , 1. LEVELS OF ORGANISATION, , BASED ON ORGANIZATION OF CELLS,, ANIMALS ARE GROUPED INTO 4 LEVELS:, 1. Cellular level of organization, 2. Tissue level of organization, 3. Organ level of organization, , 4. Organ system level of organization, Neerajbamania, , Neerajbamania
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BASIS OF CLASSIFICATION, , 1. LEVELS OF ORGANISATION, , Cellular level of, organization, , Tissue level of, organization, , Organ level of, organization, , Cells are arranged, as loose cell, aggregates., , Cells are arranged, into tissues., , E.g. Porifera., Neerajbamania, , E.g. Cnidarians &, Ctenophores., , Organ system level, of organization, , Tissues are arranged organs are associated to, organ system. Each, into organs., system performs a, E.g. Higher animals, (Platyhelminthes to physiological function., E.g. Higher animals., chordates)., Neerajbamania
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BASIS OF CLASSIFICATION, ORGAN SYSTEMS OF DIFFERENT ANIMALS, SHOW COMPLEXITIES. E.G., • DIGESTIVE SYSTEM IS 2 TYPES:, ⮚ INCOMPLETE: IT HAS ONLY A SINGLE, OPENING THAT ACTS AS MOUTH &, ANUS. E.G. CNIDARIA &, PLATYHELMINTHES., ⮚ COMPLETE: IT HAS 2 OPENINGS- MOUTH, & ANUS., • CIRCULATORY SYSTEM IS 2 TYPES:, ⮚ OPEN, ⮚ CLOSED, Neerajbamania, , 1. LEVELS OF ORGANISATION, Single, opening, , Incomplete digestive system in Hydra & Planaria, , Complete digestive system in Roundworm, Neerajbamania
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2. SYMMETRY, , BASIS OF CLASSIFICATION, It is the arrangement of similar body parts on 2, sides of main axis of the body., Based on symmetry, animals are 2 types:, , 1. Asymmetrical, Body cannot be divided into 2 similar, parts., E.g. Most poriferans, Snails etc., , 2. Symmetrical, Body can be divided into 2 similar, parts., Neerajbamania, , Neerajbamania
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BASIS OF CLASSIFICATION, , 2. SYMMETRY, , Symmetry is 2 types:, • Here, body can be divided into 2 equal, halves by any vertical plane along central, a. Radial, axis (oral-aboral axis) of the body., Symmetry • E.g. some Poriferans, Cnidarians,, Ctenophores and Echinoderms (adult)., • Here, body can be divided into right & left, halves in only one plane., b. Bilateral, Symmetry • E.g. Platyhelminthes to Chordata (except, adult Echinodermata)., Neerajbamania
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BASIS OF CLASSIFICATION, •, , THESE ARE LAYERS OF EMBRYO FROM, WHICH ALL THE BODY ORGANS ARE, FORMED., , •, , BASED ON THE NUMBER OF GERM, LAYERS, ANIMALS ARE 2 TYPES:, ➢ Diploblastic animals, ❖ Triploblastic animals, Neerajbamania, , 3. GERMINAL LAYERS
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BASIS OF CLASSIFICATION, • IT IS THE CAVITY LINED BY MESODERM., , 4. COELOM (BODY CAVITY), Mesoderm, , • IT IS SEEN BETWEEN BODY WALL & GUT, WALL., , • COELOM SEPARATES THE MUSCLES OF GUT &, BODY WALL., , • BASED ON THE NATURE OF COELOM,, ANIMALS ARE, , 3 TYPES:, , Gut wall, , Coelom, , a. Acoelomate, b. Pseudocoelomate, c. Coelomate, Neerajbamania, , Body wall
