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Digital Cellular Mobile Standards, , , , , , , , , , , SM radio aspects, GSM architecture, sm, 1d mobile originated call sequence, stages of, n with GSM standards. Signalling System,, ling Correction Control part (SCCP),, , ices G, Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) : ae niaaed call an, channel types, Security aspects. GSM call routing : : mpariso, call processing in GSM. IS-95/CDMA One : features, Radio rere, No. 7 (SS7) : Network services part (NSP), Message transfer Pat, , Services and performance of SS7., , , , , , it is available in the form of smart cards. [t is, removable and portable., , , , It stores following :, — GSM stands for Global System for Mobile. It is second, generation digital cellular technology used for mobile, nee (i) Subscriber's home network and country, — _ Itis originally developed by ETSI (European Technical, , (i) Subscriber identification number, , Standards Institute) in Europe to solve fragmentation information, , problems of the first generation networks. is the name (iii) Private keys, , of a standardization group established in 1982 to create, , acommon European mobile telephone standard. (iv) User specific information etc., , — GSM uses narrowband Time Division Multiple Access, (TDMA) for providing voice and text based services, over mobile phone networks. provide necessary privacy and security to the data when, , 2. Privacy of Data : All the data streams are encrypted to, , — It is the first cellular system to use digital modulation it is transmitted on air. For this Purpose specific, , schemes and network level architectures. cryptographic keys which are function of time arenas, , which are known to the cellular device only., , — Presently GSM supports more than one billion mobile, subscribers in more than 210 countries throughout the, world. 3., , GSM provides improved spectrum efficiency., , The facility of national and international roaming is, provided., , , , > (MSBTE: S-18) | 5. GSM maintains g00d speech quality., , , , , , , , , , , , , | MSBTE Question | Ss j 6. GSM is com, eee oe patible with ISDN, PSTN and othe, 3.2.1 Write the important features of GSM, telephone compeny serv >, (Ref. Sec 3.2) - 5 ‘ices,, , Itcan 5 ., The features of GSM are : also be made Compatible to newer services., , 1. USE of SIM : GSM makes use of SIM (Subscriber, Identity Module) which is actually a storage, , , , device and

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39, , , , , , state the various Services oft,, standard. Describe these siciicen wenn, (Ref. Sec. 3.3) : <a, , State the various services, , Offered, system. (Ref. Sec. 3.3), , GSM Services, , , , , , i, , eas Le eee, 2. Data services/ Bearer Services |, , , , , , 3. Supplementary services, , , , , , Fig. 3.3.1 : GSM Services, 1. Teleservices, , , , , , - These services allows subscriber to use terminal, equipment functions for communication with, other subscribers., , It supports emergency calling, FAX services,, Videotex and Teletex services though they are not, integral part of the GSM standard., , Data services/ Bearer services, , These services allow subscriber to transmit, appropriate signals across user network interfaces., ~ It supports packet switched protocols and data, ates from 300 bps to 9.6 kbps. New developments, , are going on to increase the data rate further., Data can be transmitted in two modes :, , ® Transparent mode : GSM network provides, , : standard channel coding method for user, , ; data., , i) Non-transparent mode : GSM network, Provides special coding methods based on, , , , , , Digital Cellular Mobile, Supplementary services, , These Services supplements the teleservices and, 8re offered with basic teleservices., , They are digital in nature. i, , Services include caller identification, call, forwarding, call waiting, multiparty conversations,, and barring of outgoing (international) calls,, among others,, , Tt also includes SMS (Short Messaging Service), Service is a text messaging service that allows, , Sending and receiving text messages on your GSM, Mobile phone., , Some of the supplementary services examples, are :, , @) Call conferencing, (ii) Call barring, (v) Number identification, , (vi) Advice of charge (vii) Closed user groups, , (ii) Call waiting, (iv) Call forwarding, , , , > (MSBTE : S-15, S-18), , , , , , Particular data interface., , Publications nwee Where Authors inspire innovation, , , , It is frequency and time division system., , Each physical channel have unique frequency and time, slot number., , GSM Triband frequencies are 900MHz, 1800MHz, , and 1900MHz. They are generally referred as GSM, 900 and DCS 1800 systems., , A SACHIN SHAH Venture

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Mobile & Wireless Comm. (MSBTE-Sem, 5-E&TC), , , , 3-3, , Digital Cellular Mobile Standards, , ___ Table 3.4.1 : Comparison between GSM 900 and DCS 1800, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Sr.No.| Parameter GSM 900 DCs 1800. |, , 1._| Uplink frequeney 890-915 kHz 1710-1785 MHz, , 2._ | Downlink frequency 935-960 kHz 1805-1880MHz, , 3 Bandwidth 25 MHz 75 MHz, , 4. Number of carriers used 124 374, , 5 Carrier spacing 200 kHz 200 kHz, , 6 Duplex channel Spacing 45 MHz 95 MHz, , 7.__| Number of time slots used per channel | 8 8, , 8. Wavelength ~ 33cm ~17cm, , | 9 Transmission Data rate 270 kbps 270 kbps, , 10. _| Maximum BS power 55.dBm 43 dBm, , 11. | MS classes 1-20 W (not implemented) I- 1 W (handheld), II- 8 W (car/transportable phone) | II- 0.25 W (handheld), II- 5 W (car/transportable phone), IV- 2 W (handheld), V- 0.8 W (handheld), , , , , , , , , , , , > (MSBTE : S-15, W-16, S-17, W-17, S-18, W-18), , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Q.35.1 Sketch GSM TDM Siru ey ESEInTa, Q.352 Draw label diagram of G! TERRA, Q.35.3 Draw the GSM architecture and Ref. Sec. 3.5) Ba, 2.35.4 Explain GSM radio's ess SEIS, Refer Fig. 3.5.1. [7, ae, Mobile ([&), Equipment}, (ME), ~~, Mobile Station Basic Station Subsystem Network, (ms) (885) “ Subeyetrn, BTS : Base Transceiver Station —_ BSC : Base Station Controller ® HLR : Home Location Register, VLR : Visitor Location Register MSC : Mobile Switching Centre, , AUC : Authentication Center, , Tech-Neo Publications ...... Where Authors inspire innovation, , EIR : Equipment Identity Register, OMC : Operation Maintenance Center, , Fig. 3.5.1: GSM Architecture, , wud SACHIN SHAH Veature

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andards, , omm. (MSBTE-Sem. 5-E&TC) Digital Cellular Mobile St, , & fire!, tecture shows various functional entities and 3% 3.5.1 MS (Moblle Stati ion), , pi, on on gubsystems- ', , ie ji ipme?, wi gg: BOS? Station Subsystem = Itconsists of the physical mobile handset o ee, ork., used by the subscriber to access the GSM net, , , , , , , , , etwork and Switching Subsystem, , , , , , , I oN, 2 ss O7etions Subsystem — Itincludes :, cs ajso 2 subsystem. but generally considered as an 1. MT: Mobile Termination, SS., , E part of B si 2. TE: Terminal Equipment, if i 4, .. also known as raclo subsystem interlink:, pss 6 a 3. TA: Terminal Adapter, es es links between MS and NSS. It is ermin a, wr piseb of AY BSC (Base Station Controllers). ~ Typea'of MS are +, Ee ‘ont ail the switching functions of the system. 1. Vehicle mounted station, so supports communication between MSCs (Mobile 2. Portable station, seit Center) with other networks like PSTN, 3, Handheld station, SDN ete. ; . _| = Generally MS is available in five power classes 8, oss manages operation and maintenance of GSM. It shown in Table 3.5.1. It provides information about the, also administers an monHonn: and controlling maximum power level the mobile equipment can, meme em emp cme |, e subsy: orized as : ,, tional Provides _transmissi 4 — Class I and II refers to vehicular or portable units, 3 sion i, 1, Opens = however, classes I, IV and V refers t0 bandheld units., reception paths between NSS, BSS, MS and, i Table 3.5.1 : Maximum RF power for MS, subscriber. ean |, 3. Control : Manages all the traffic handling Maximum } power transmitted by MS, - Qwatts) aoe, , activities of the operational part and maintains,, modifies and controls the traffic related functions., , 20 (not yet implemented), , , , , , _ Refer Fig. 3.5.2 which shows interconnection between, various subsystems. These subsystems are explained in 5, detail in following sections. TT -— |, 08, , , , , , Mobile terminal, , SIM (Subscriber Identity Module), , 4, Mobile terminal : It is the combination of, hardware and software. It manages all the radio, and human interface functions. It is nothing but, mobile handset., , , , BSS: Base Station ‘Subsystem, § NSS: Network and Switching Subsystem, , 088: Operational Subsystem, MS: Mobile ‘Station, , Fig. 3.5.2 : GSM subsystems, , , , , , c, "ehh Plletions soa inspire innovation, enue, Where Authors inspire ine’ ..A SACHIN SHAH Venture

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Celular Mobile Standards, , , , , , , , , 3-5, , , , 2. SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) : It is Example, , plugged into mobile terminal. Without the SIM, card MS cannot communicate with any user or, network. It is provided by the mobile service, providers. It is microprocessor based entity, implemented on smart card., , IMSI: 310150123456789, , -— AT&T Mobility, , porary Mobile Subscriber Identity), , , , , , , 2. TMSI (Tem, It is assigned to MS by VLR when it is in roaming, has only local significance and its on, , — Types of SIM cards used in GSM are : », 1. ID-1SIM card : Credit card size. , 2. Plug in SIM : Normal SIM used in commercial ie. it, , temporary basis., , GSM phones., - SIM carries information like : — Maximum digits in TMSI are 32., 1. IMSI 2. TMSI = Itcan‘be coded fully by hexadecimal, resentation., 3. Authentication key 4. Cipher key rept ; ;, i identi > 3. IMEI (international Mobile Equipment, 5. Location area identity 6. Access control class Identity), , 7. Administrative information etc. — It is assigned by mobile equipment manufacturer, , — MS has various number identities like : for its unique identification., > 1. IMSI (international Mobile Subscriber — Itcontains 15 digits., Identity), , o TAC (Type Approval Code) : 6 digits, , — _ Itis provided to MS at the time of subscription., o FAC (Final Assembly code) : 2 digits, — It uniquely identifies a given MS., o SN (Serial Number) : 6 digits, Not more than 15 digits a oe, , o SP (Spare Number) : 1 digit, , , , 3 digits 2or3, l¢#——>| # >, , , , % 3.5.2 BSS (Base Station Subsystem), , , , , , , , , , , , , , le NMSI 7 > (MSBTE : S-15), La 1 7 f¢—_————Ms_ . :, Fig. 3.5.3 : IMSI structure Q. 3.5.5 State functions of BSC block of GSM a, _.. Sketch show their interconnections., ~ Refer Fig. 3.5.3 of IMSI structure. It contains 15 (¥) BSC (Ret. Sec. 3 15,, Sec.952) SSERMI, , , , digits. They include :, , — It manages all the Si i, © Mobile Country Code (MCC) : 3 digits ani aS. "gnaling and traffic between MS, , (home country) i, — Functions performed by BSS are:, , © Mobile Network Code (MNC) : 2 digits © Codin, (home GSM network) SSPE Gaines;, , © Allocation of available radio channels to mobile, , © Mobile Subscriber Identification (MSIN) on request, juest,, , o National Mobile Subscriber Identity (NMSI), , , , © Transmission of Paging signals,, , , , ‘ech-Neo Publications ......... Where Authors inspire innovation, -~- SACHIN SHAH Venture