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Std: 5th, , Sub: Science, 19. Constituent of Food, SUMMATIVE EVALUATION, 1. QUESTIONS AND ANSWER, , Q. 1. Fill in the blanks :, (1) Vitamins in our food give us the ability to resist diseases., (2) Calcium makes our bones strong., (3) Foodstuffs that taste sweet contain various kinds of sugars., (4) A diet that provides all the constituents of the food in the right proportions is called a, balanced diet., (5) Sugar cane juice contains sugar called sucrose., (6) The condition is called anaemia when there is a deficiency of iron the body., (7) If food does not contain enough fibre, it can lead to constipation., Q. 2. Underline the correct word:, (1) In sago and potato there is starch/protein., (2) When a piece of bread is slowly chewed, it tastes sour/ sweet., (3) Fibre is also called roughage / stool., (4) The white part / egg yolk of the egg is a fatty substance., (5) Oil makes the paper opaque / translucent., Q. 3. Give two sources of each of the following food constituents:, (1) Minerals : Leafy green vegetables, fruits, sprouted pulses., (2) Proteins: Paneer, eggs, fish., (3) Starch: Potato, sago, rice, bread., 9. 4. Write two examples of each :, (1) Carbohydrates : Sugars, starch. Abres, (2) Vitamins : A, B, C, D, (3) Sugars : Sucrose, glucose, (4) Minerals : Calcium, Iron, Q. 5. Match the columns :

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Column 'A’, Colum 'B’, (1) Fats, (a) Jowar, (2) Proteins, (b) Oil, (3) Vitamins, (c) Bran of cereal, (4) Minerals, (d) Pulses, (5) Starchy foods, (e) Iron, Ans. (1) Fats - Oil, (2) Proteins - Pulses, (3) Vitamins - Bran of cereal, (4) Minerals - Iron, (5) Starchy foods - Jowar, Q. 6. Answer the following questions :, (1) or what use are the sugars that we get from digestion of starch?, Ans. The sugars formed from digestion of starch are burned slowly. While burning they, release energy. The sugars thus act as fuels. This energy is used for different kinds of work. It also, keeps the body warm., (2) Name the sources of fibre in our diet., Ans. Bran in the flour of grains, whole grains and pulses, fruits, vegetables and especially their, skin. sprouted pulses with their skins, green leafy vegetables are all sources of fibres in our diet., (3) What are carbohydrates ?, Ans. The energy providing food constituents which consists of starch, sugars and fibres are, called carbohydrates., (4) What is meant by malnutrition ?, Ans. If a person's diet lacks proper constituents of food for a long time, then this person does, not get proper nourishment. Such condition is called malnutrition., (5) What is a balanced diet?, Ans. The diet that constitutes the proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals in right, quantities is called a balanced diet., (6) Give examples of fatty substances., Ans. Cream, butter, ghee, oil, nuts, meat, egg yolk, are the examples of fatty sub stances., (7) How is fat stored in the body? When is it reused ?, Ans. The excess of fats in the diet are stored in the body under the skin. When the fats are, more in diet than required for the body they are stored at different places in the body. If food is not, available for some time, then the body can get energy from the stored fats.

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Q. 7. Give reasons :, (1) Sugar cane is sweet to taste., Ans. Sugar cane has sugar called sucrose. Therefore, sugar cane is sweet to taste., (2) The flour of any grains should not be sifted., Ans. The flour contains particles of bran. When the flour is sifted, this bran is left und on the, sieve. The bran particles are larger and hence they are removed from flour when the flour is sifted., This bran contains vitamins and minerals and it also gives roughage. This bran is fibre which helps in, movement of the food in the alimentary mal. Fibres in the bran helps to form stools from the, undigested food. Because of such benefits, bran should not be removed, thus, the flour should not be, sifted., (3) An injury from the outside of the body does not at once cause damage to internal organs., Ans. There is layer of fat on the internal organs. This layer protects the delicate internal, organs. Therefore, even if there is an injury from the outside the body, it does not at once cause, damage to the internal organs., (4) Boiled egg is one of the best nourishing foods., Ans. In a boiled egg there are proteins and fats. It also has vitamins A, B and D. There are, many minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and potassium in it. Therefore, an egg provides good, nourishment., Q. 8. Use your brain power !, (1) Why do we feel hungrier in winter than we do in summer ?, Ans. In winter, the weather is cool. We need more calories to keep our body warm. Therefore,, we need more energy. To get more energy, there should be enough nutrients in the body. When we, feel hungrier, we take in more food. More starch, sugars and fats can give us more energy to keep our, body warm. In summer season, such need is not there. Thus we feel hungrier in winter than we do in, summer., (2) Why do we use a padding of cloth under a mortar when we place it on the floor and pound, something in it?, Ans. While pounding the substance in a mortar, there could be jerks to the floor. The files of, the floor can break. Therefore, a padding of cloth has to be placed between the mortar and the floor, to absorb these shocks or Jerks. This offers protection to the floor., (3) Do we get all the different constituents of food from a meal that consists of a green veg, thalipeeth eaten with yoghurt?, Ans. In the flour of thalipeeth there is mixed four of rice, daals and pulses. This flour gives, carbohydrates and proteins. While roasting the thalipeeth, oil or butter is applied to the fry pan. Thus, even fats are present in it. If greens are added to the flour there would be vitamins, minerals like iron, and roughage added to the flour. Curds also provide proteins, carbohydrates, fats and vitamins. Hence

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meals consisting of green veg thalipeeth eaten with yoghurt is a complete meal with all the food, constituents., (4) Which food constituents do we get from the ingredients used to make bhel ?, Ans. The kurmura in the bhel is a carbohydrate. The grams and peanuts are rich in proteins., The shev is made of gram flour and hence it also contains proteins. Since it is! fried, there is good, content of fats too in it. Chutney made from dates have sugars and minerals like iron. Pudina used in, bhel is rich in vitamins, minerals and high in fibre content. If lemon or raw mango is used the vitamin, C content is also high. However, if bhel is purchased from a roadside shop, it may have, microorganisms and contaminants and it can cause fllness., (5) Why are children told to drink milk every day?, Ans. Milk has almost all the food constituents. It has carbohydrates, sugars, fats and proteins., It is rich in vitamins A, B and D. The calcium content of milk is also quite high. Milk is easy to digest. It, gives energy. The growth and development of the body is faster when milk is taken in our everyday, diet. Therefore, children are told to drink milk every day.